This paper investigates the real-time change in electrical conductivity of Jaser-induced graphene(LIG) during the deformation process. By designing and constructing an experimental setup,high-precisionmeasurement (with a relative error of less than 2%) and visual display of the resistance change of LIG underdifferent bending deformations were achieved. The experimental results show that the resistance of LIG changessignificantly with the increase of deforation degree,exhibiting excellent linearity and repeatability.Based onthis characteristic,the application of LIG in the feld of human-computer interaction was developed,realizingthe real -time operation of controlling an intelligent car through finger joint movements. This study provides newideas and methods for the performance research and practical application of flexible conductive materials.

Based on high-speed cameras and Tracker sofiware, an experimental study is conducted on thelarge-amplitude free motion of a simple pendulum to investigate its fundamental principles,' The experimentrecorded and analyzed the motion parameters of the pendulum under varying initial angles and lengths. Throughcomparative analysis of measured data and theoretical models, the study eonfimmed the nonlinear vibrationcharacteristics of large-amplitude pendulum motion, It is indicated that under low damping coefficients, thependulum primarily exhibits under-damped quasi-periodic motion,while larger initial angles and shorterpendulum lengths result in more pronounced motion attenuation.,'These findings provideanalytical insights andreferences for related theoretical research and pedagogical applications.

In this paper,the principle of equal inclination interference in Michelson interferometer is analyzedusing an illustration method and the results indicate that the unlocalized interference exists in the process ofequal inelination interference, Furthermore, the unlocalized interferenee produced in the equal inelinationinterference is theoretically evideneed, These illustrate that the model of unlocalized interfierenee can be used tostudy the equal inclination interference in Michelson interferometer, and then the interference palttems formedin the exqual ineclination interference are analyzed by the model., Fimanly, the adjusting methods for the erqualinclination interferenee in Michelson interferometer are suggested.

In undergraduate physics laboratories,the traditional optical-lever method for measuring Young'"smodulus suffers from sobjectivity in reading, parallax when viewing the scale through a telescope, andestimation errors in distances (between the plane mirror and the scale, and between the rear of the reflectingmirror amd he pivot),.These lactors notably affeet both the optical-lever magnilication factor aned dhe computedvalue of Young's mordulus,'This paper proposes replacing the optical-lever assembly with a high-DPI opticalmouse, Using a "mouse-o-filament contaet" configuration, we acquire micro-displacement signals in real timeand process them dynamically via Python, An equivalent-displacement calibration establishes the conversionbetween pixel counts and physical displacement. Experiments show that for step sizes a50 pum, theneasurement aceuraey exceds 90So,and the system attains a measurement resolution on the order of 6 pm.Comparative analysis of resuls and uncertainty sources between the optical-lever and mouse-based methodsverilies the latter's advantages in accuraey, stability, and operational comvenienee, Owing to its low cost,highprecision,and strong programmability,the approach is suitable for foundatiomal and integrated esperiments inCollege Physies Laboratory courses and provides an extensible platform for sensor-data-acquisition projects

In the traditional Young's double-slit interference experiment, the human eye is often used toobserve the fringes to measurethe fringe spacing. However,this method is prone to causing signilficant errorsdue to factors such as visual fatigue. Therefore,a measurement platform for Young's double-slit interferenceexperiment was constructed based on MATLAB to accurately measure the fringe spacing and automaticallycalculate the wavelength value of the laser used in the experiment. After converting the original image into agrayscale image,the image is preprocessed, anisotropic diffusion filtering, adaptive threshold processing andpseudo-color image mapping operations are carried out. The spacing of the processed stripes is measured,andthe laser wavelength is calculated in combination with the experimental parameters. The results show that theaverage absolute error of the laser standard wavelength in the experiment is -0.30 nm,and the average relativeerror is only 0. 047 2%,which is much smaller than the 19.91 nm and 3.135 4% observed by the human eye.The above indicates that the constructed measurement platform can accurately measure the wavelength value ofthe laser used in the experiment with a nanometer-level error,which has certain practical value.

To explore the variation law of energy conversion eflicieney of electromagnetie induction devicesunder input energy sigmals, this researeh projeet desigmed and implemented a set of devices for measuring theinfluenee of loard on electromagnetic induetion emergy conversion effieieney,based on Fiaraday's Law ofEleetromagnetie Indluetion amnd using the strueture of induced eletromotive force power generation devices,Before the formal experiment, a pre-experinent was also desigmed to improve the efficieney of the energyconversion device. In the formal experiment, we ohtained a key conclusion: under energy signal input,theenergy conversion efficieney of the device first inecreases and then decreases with the increase of loadresistance, and put forvward a reasonable explanation for this phenomenon, Finally, the uncertainty of theexperimental results and error analysais were diseussed in detail. This research oot only provides new ideas andmethods for in-depth understanding of the law of energy conversion efficieney,but also has certain applicationpotential in green energy-related fields such as kinetic energy recovery and new-type power generationequipment.

Resistance,as a fundamental physical quantity, plays a eritical role in electrical engineering,automation,and eleetrical technology. Aeeurate measurement of resistanee remains a key foeus in the field ofelectrodynamics.'This study proposes a novel method for measuring resistance based on the comer frequeneymethord,integrating classical oseilloscope experiments with RC, and RL, series cirevits, The influences of phasedifference, capacitanee value, inductanee value and parasitic capacitanee on the experimental results wererespectively explored in the text. The results showthat the measurement error of the median resistance in the RC eireuit is generally less than 35%,In the RL, circuitl, there is a range of resistance measurement with betterexperimental effect for different inductance values,but the overall error is relatively large, which may be due tothe influence of parasitic capacitance, skin effect,ete. This approach offers a new perspective for resistancemeasurement.

Sound velocity measurement is a classic experiment in university physics experiments, andcommonly used methords include resonance interferometry method, phase comparison method, and timedilferenee method, On this basis, extends the phase intuitive comparison methord and sigmal superpositionmethod to help students better understand the principle of sound velocity measurement,At the same time, alsoexplores the impact of saltwater temperature and concentration on sound velocity based on AI technology, whichcontributes to the study of sound velocity in seawater and provides ideas for empowering physics experimentalteaching with Al.

The aceurate processing of experimental data is essential in physics. However,experimentallymeasured data are often discrete and limited, presenting challenges in reconstructing the inherent continuity ofphysical processes. Consequently, investigating the applicability of various interpolation methods inreconstructing continuous curves across diverse physical scenarios emerges as a pivotal issue.In this study,fourinterpolation methods-linear,shape-preserving piecewise cubic,cubic Hermite,and cubic spline-are appliedto experimental data from three types of experiments:forced vibration, Franck-Hertz,and simple pendulum.Theresults show that shape-preserving piecewise cubic interpolation works best for forced vibration data, cubicsplineinterpolation is more suitable for the Franck-Hertz experiment,while the simple pendulum caseunderscores the limitations of interpolation methods under conditions of data sparsity and high noise levels.Collectively,'these findings support the central conclusion of this study: no single interpolation method isuniversally optimal,and the choice of an appropriate method depends critically on the intrinsic nature of thephysical experiment and the characteristics of the data obtained.

The Michigln tleferenge eypetemen has piblerh sugh as fofeoaof conefplo dtffrayttutilizes ZBiMAX optical design software, which has powerfil stucture constuction and rich image displayfnetion,to carry out optical simulatrion based on different air Iavers'cqual thick interference.It realizes thevisual constrnetion of a variety of equivalent optical systems,the visual dynamic demonstration of interferenceffinees.and the visual derivation and analvsis of the finge movement prineiples.Thifs not only promotes studentsinterest and participation in the classroom,but also deepens their understanding of the abstract concept of"cqual thiclaness"in cqual thickness interference and the experimenal principle. This paper constructs airrlayet medels with giffeent gradien thicknesses, differeat tolationat symmetty and aoymmets,On the one hand,as Michelson interference and Newton's fing,which demonstrates the advantages of ZEMAX sofware in thevisualization teaching of optical experiments.On the other hand,it also trains the abilily of thinking visualizationand develops a macroscopic understanding of the optical knowledge system for students, which effectivelypromotes the improvement of teaching quality.