Abstract: Aiming at the limitation that the traditional teaching content of Fabry-Perot interferometer isconfined to the case of equal reflectivity of two mirrors, this paper derives the analytical expressions of reflectedlight intensity,transmitted light intensity,and intracavity circulating light intensity when the reflectivities of thetwo minrors are different, based on the theory of multiple-beam interference.A simulation system with dynamicinteractive functions was developed using Mathematica software. By adjusting key parameters such as thereflectivity of the two mirrors, cavity length, medium refractive index, and incident angle in real-time, thesystem can intuitively display the dynamic evolution of reflection, transmission, and intracavity circulatingspectra. According to the relationship between the reflectivities, the F-P cavity is classified into three types:impedance-matched cavity, under-coupled cavity, and over-coupled cavity, which makes up for the lack of thiscontent in traditional textbooks. This simulation visualizes and dynamizes the abstract process of multiple-beaminterference.It can serve as an effective teaching aid for university physics experiment courses, helping students
establish a clear physical picture and cultivate inquiry-based thinking skills.
