线圈电磁炮多参数优化与压电回收提效研究

doi:10．14139/j．cnki．cn22-1228．2026．05．003

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摘要本文以第十一届全国大学生物理实验竞赛命题“探究电磁感应现象中的能量转换”为切入点，构建了磁阻型单级线圈电磁发射器的仿真与实验研究体系。通过系统优化子弹内径、初始位置及线圈通电时间，显著提升了能量转换效率，揭示了多参数协同优化的优势。同时，基于压电陶瓷的正压电效应，设计了一套驱动线圈反冲动能回收装置，验证了其可行性。该研究将竞赛内容转化为综合探究性物理实验项目，有效促进了学生对电磁感应、能量守恒等物理原理的深度理解，提升了实验设计与创新分析能力。

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	黄嘉雯
	王岑灵
	钟文毓
	穆翠玲
	李佳明

关键词: 电磁感应能量守恒能量转换效率线圈型电磁发射器多参数协同优化能量回收教学转化

Abstract: This article takes the eleventh National College Student Physics Experiment Competition's problem
statement "Exploring Energy Conversion in Electromagnetic Induction Phenomenon" as the entry point，and
constructs a simulation and experimental research system for a magneto-resistive single-stage coil electro-
magnetic launcher．By systematically optimizing the inner diameter of the bullet，its initial position，and the coil
energization time，the energy conversion efficiency is significantly improved，revealing the advantages of multi-
parameter collaborative optimization．At the same time，based on the positive piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric
ceramics，a set of driving coil recoil kinetic energy recovery devices is designed，and its feasibility is verified．
This research transforms competition content into comprehensive exploratory physics experiment projects，
effectively promoting students' deep understanding of physical principles such as electromagnetic induction and
energy conservation，and enhancing their experimental design and innovative analysis abilities．

Key words: Electromagnetic induction energy conservation energy conversion efficiency coil-type electro-
magnetic emitter multi-parameter collaborative optimization energy recovery teaching transformation

发布日期: 2026-10-20

O 441．3

基金资助: 2023 年广东省实验教学示范中心项目———物理与天文实验教学中心(粤教高函〔2024〕9 号);中山大学物理学拔尖人才
培养项目(2026 年度)

引用本文:

黄嘉雯 , 王岑灵 , 钟文毓 , 穆翠玲 , 李佳明 . 线圈电磁炮多参数优化与压电回收提效研究[J]. 大学物理实验, 2026, 39(5): 14-21.
HUANG Jiawen, WANG Cenling, ZHONG Wenyu, MU Cuiling, LI Jiaming . Ｒesearch on Multi-parameter Optimization of Coilgun Electromagnetic#br# Cannon and Efficiency Enhancement through Piezoelectric Energy Ｒecovery#br#. Physical Experiment of College, 2026, 39(5): 14-21.

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https://dawushiyan.jluct.edu.cn/CN/10．14139/j．cnki．cn22-1228．2026．05．003 或 https://dawushiyan.jluct.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V39/I5/14

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