1．College of Electronic and Optical Engineering，College of Flexible Electronics( Future Technology) ，Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Nanjing 210023，China; College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering( College of Industry Education Integration) ，Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Nanjing 210023，China
Abstract: In response to the requirements of multi-source sensor signal acquisition and front-end processing in
intelligent meteorological monitoring system，this paper designs and implements a multi-channel data
acquisition and processing unit based on a Field-Programmable Gate Array( FPGA) and digital-analog circuits．
The system integrates analog-to-digital converters( ADCs) ，multi-channel analog switches，and display decoding
circuits to realize a complete signal acquisition and processing architecture．To accommodate sensor signals with
varying update rates，a dual-mode intelligent polling algorithm—supporting both“normal sampling”and“fast
scanning”—is proposed．This algorithm automatically switches among，digitizes，and processes real-time analog
sensor signals—including temperature，humidity，and gas concentration． The design features a simplified
hardware structure，a clear logical architecture，and strong scalability of functional modules．It is suitable for
multi-sensor data acquisition applications in low complexity domains such as meteorological and environmental
monitoring，and can also serve as a representative case study for experimental teaching and foundational
engineering training in electronic engineering at colleges and universities．
