基于磁光效应的磁场测量改进与误差分析

doi:10．14139/j．cnki．cn22-1228．2026．02．007

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摘要针对传统磁致旋光角度测量磁场存在回程误差和操作复杂等问题，改进了基于法拉第磁光效应的磁场测量方法，利用磁场作用下光通过磁光晶体的功率变化实现磁感应强度的测量。实验采用激光器、偏振片、磁光晶体和光功率计，搭建了磁致光功率变化的磁场测量装置。理论分析了磁场与光通过磁光晶体的光功率的关系，并对螺线管的内部磁场进行了测量以及误差分析。励磁电压分别为1．5，3．0 和4．5 V 时，测量得到螺线管内部的磁感应强度分别为 0．727，1．372 和2．068 mT，与实际值的相对误差分别为 2．1%、2．4%和1．8%，总合成不确定度分别为 0．230、0．216 和0．161 mT。与磁光效应测量磁场
的其他方法相比，该方法具有误差小、光路结构简单和操作简便的优点。

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	钟远聪
	邱浚林
	罗劲明
	张海宁

关键词: 磁光效应磁光晶体光功率磁场

Abstract: To address issues such as hysteresis errors and complex operation in traditional magnetic field
measurement based on magnetically induced rotation angle，an improved magnetic field measurement method
based on the Faraday magneto-optical effect is proposed．This method realizes the measurement of magnetic
induction intensity by utilizing the power change of light passing through a magneto-optical crystal under the
action of a magnetic field． In the experiment，a magnetic field measurement device based on magnetically
induced optical power variation was constructed using a laser，polarizer，magneto-optical crystal，and optical
power meter．The relationship between the magnetic field and the optical power of light passing through the
magneto-optical crystal was analyzed theoretically．Additionally，measurements of the internal magnetic field of a
solenoid and error analysis were conducted．When the excitation voltages were 1．5，3．0 and 4．5 V respectively，
the measured magnetic induction intensities inside the solenoid were 0．727，1．372，and 2．068 mT．The relative
errors compared with the actual values were 2．1%，2．4% and 1．8% respectively，and the total combined
uncertainties were 0．230，0．216 and 0．161 mT respectively．Compared with other magnetic field measurement
methods based on the magneto-optical effect，this method offers the advantages of small error，simple optical
path structure，and easy operation．

Key words: magneto-optical effect magneto-optical crystal optical power magnetic field

发布日期: 2026-04-25

ZTFLH:

TN 29

基金资助: 2025 年度广东省本科高校教学质量与教学改革工程项目(粤教高函〔2026〕4 号);嘉应学院教学质量与教学改革工程项
目(JYJG2024212);嘉应学院人才科研启动项目(2023ＲC73)

引用本文:

钟远聪, 邱浚林 , 罗劲明, 张海宁 . 基于磁光效应的磁场测量改进与误差分析[J]. 大学物理实验, 2026, 39(2): 37-41.
ZHONG Yauncong, QIU Junlin , LUO Jinming, ZHANG Haining . Improvement and Error Analysis of Magnetic Field Measurement Based on Magneto-optical Effect#br#. Physical Experiment of College, 2026, 39(2): 37-41.

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https://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/10．14139/j．cnki．cn22-1228．2026．02．007 或 https://dawushiyan.jlict.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V39/I2/37

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